Science and technology — space and research theme

Career Prepp

Syllabus & Pattern · Science & Tech

Science & technology — free syllabus map.

Chemistry to space tech, biotech to AI, defence to nano — structured checklists from the Science & Tech syllabus file.

Chapter 01 of 10

Chemistry

Matter, atomic structure, inorganic/organic chemistry, and applied chemical themes.

Matter & Atomic Structure1
  • Matter & Atomic Structure
Matter5
  • Nature of Matter
  • States of Matter
  • Physical & Chemical Changes
  • Properties of Matter
  • Classification of Matter
Atomic Structure10
  • Atom
  • Molecule
  • Ion
  • Atomic Models
  • Subatomic Particles
  • Atomic Number
  • Mass Number
  • Isotopes
  • Isobars
  • Electronic Configuration
Elements & Molecules7
  • Elements
  • Compounds
  • Mixtures
  • Molecular Formula
  • Chemical Formula
  • Molecular Mass
  • Atomic Mass
Inorganic Chemistry15
  • Periodic Table
  • Periodic Classification
  • Groups & Periods
  • Metals
  • Non-Metals
  • Metalloids
  • Chemical Bonding
  • Ionic Bond
  • Covalent Bond
  • Metallic Bond
  • Coordination Compounds
  • Acids
  • Bases
  • Salts
  • Oxidation & Reduction
Physical Chemistry10
  • Mole Concept
  • Atomic Structure
  • Chemical Equilibrium
  • Ionic Equilibrium
  • Thermodynamics
  • Electrochemistry
  • Chemical Kinetics
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Solutions
  • Colloids
Organic Chemistry12
  • Hydrocarbons
  • Functional Groups
  • Organic Reactions
  • Isomerism
  • Alcohols
  • Phenols
  • Ethers
  • Aldehydes
  • Ketones
  • Carboxylic Acids
  • Polymers
  • Petrochemicals
Applied Chemistry1
  • Applied Chemistry
Biomolecules4
  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
  • Nucleic Acids
Vitamins & Enzymes4
  • Fat Soluble Vitamins
  • Water Soluble Vitamins
  • Enzyme Functions
  • Enzyme Deficiency
Pharmaceuticals5
  • Drugs
  • Antibiotics
  • Vaccines
  • Therapeutic Agents
  • Drug Delivery Systems
Chemicals in Daily Life6
  • Soaps
  • Detergents
  • Cosmetics
  • Fertilizers
  • Pesticides
  • Food Additives

Chapter 02 of 10

Biotechnology

Genetics, biotech tools, applications in health, agriculture, and industry.

Fundamentals of Biotechnology3
  • Biotechnology Concepts
  • Applications
  • Scope
Genetic Engineering5
  • Recombinant DNA Technology
  • Gene Cloning
  • Gene Editing
  • CRISPR-Cas9
  • Genome Mapping
Environmental Biotechnology4
  • Bioremediation
  • Waste Treatment
  • Pollution Control
  • Biofertilizers
Plant Biotechnology3
  • Tissue Culture
  • GM Crops
  • Marker Assisted Breeding
Animal Biotechnology3
  • Transgenic Animals
  • Cloning
  • Stem Cell Technology
Industrial Biotechnology3
  • Fermentation Technology
  • Industrial Enzymes
  • Bioprocess Engineering
Agricultural Biotechnology3
  • Biofertilizers
  • Biopesticides
  • Precision Agriculture
Medical Biotechnology4
  • Vaccines
  • Gene Therapy
  • Stem Cell Therapy
  • Personalized Medicine
Biotechnology Governance4
  • Biosafety
  • Bioethics
  • Regulations
  • Intellectual Property Rights
Emerging Trends5
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Genomics
  • Proteomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Recent Developments in Biotechnology

Chapter 03 of 10

Defence Technology

Defence R&D, missiles, platforms, and strategic technology themes.

Missiles4
  • Ballistic Missiles
  • Cruise Missiles
  • Hypersonic Missiles
  • Missile Defence Systems
Defence Systems3
  • Air Defence
  • Naval Systems
  • Land Warfare Systems
Emerging Defence Technologies3
  • Directed Energy Weapons
  • Quantum Technologies
  • Autonomous Systems
Weapons3
  • Conventional Weapons
  • Smart Weapons
  • Precision Guided Munitions
Cyber & Information Warfare4
  • Cyber Attacks
  • Cyber Defence
  • Information Warfare
  • Electronic Warfare
Defence Reforms3
  • Defence Modernization
  • Theatre Commands
  • Defence Procurement
Military Exercises3
  • Domestic Exercises
  • Bilateral Exercises
  • Multilateral Exercises
Nuclear Technology3
  • Nuclear Science
  • Nuclear Reactors
  • Nuclear Fuel Cycle
Nuclear Energy3
  • Nuclear Power Plants
  • Safety Measures
  • Nuclear Policy

Chapter 04 of 10

Robotics and Artificial Intelligence

Robotics, AI/ML basics, applications, and governance concerns.

Robotics4
  • Robotics Fundamentals
  • Industrial Robots
  • Service Robots
  • Autonomous Systems
Artificial Intelligence5
  • Machine Learning
  • Deep Learning
  • Neural Networks
  • Generative AI
  • Explainable AI
AI Applications5
  • Healthcare
  • Agriculture
  • Defence
  • Governance
  • Education
AI Ethics & Governance4
  • AI Ethics
  • Responsible AI
  • AI Regulation
  • Data Governance

Chapter 05 of 10

Physics

Core physics concepts relevant to Prelims and applied technology.

Classical Physics1
  • Classical Physics
Mechanics7
  • Motion
  • Force
  • Laws of Motion
  • Work
  • Energy
  • Power
  • Gravitation
Heat & Thermodynamics3
  • Heat Transfer
  • Temperature
  • Thermodynamic Laws
Waves3
  • Sound
  • Wave Motion
  • Doppler Effect
Optics3
  • Reflection
  • Refraction
  • Optical Instruments
Electricity & Magnetism4
  • Electric Current
  • Ohm's Law
  • Magnetism
  • Electromagnetic Induction
Modern Physics8
  • Quantum Theory
  • Photoelectric Effect
  • Dual Nature of Matter
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Radioactivity
  • Semiconductors
  • Lasers
  • Particle Physics
Astronomy & Astrophysics11
  • Universe
  • Galaxies
  • Stars
  • Solar System
  • Planetary Motion
  • Black Holes
  • Neutron Stars
  • Pulsars
  • Dark Matter
  • Dark Energy
  • Cosmology

Chapter 06 of 10

Biology

Cell biology, genetics, life processes, and applied biological themes.

Origin & Diversity of Life5
  • Origin of Life
  • Biological Classification
  • Five Kingdom Classification
  • Domains of Life
  • Biodiversity
Living World4
  • Characteristics of Living Organisms
  • Taxonomy
  • Systematics
  • Nomenclature
Evolution4
  • Evolutionary Theories
  • Natural Selection
  • Speciation
  • Human Evolution
Genetics8
  • Heredity
  • Mendelian Genetics
  • Chromosomes
  • DNA
  • RNA
  • Gene Expression
  • Mutation
  • Genetic Disorders
Cell Biology6
  • Cell Theory
  • Cell Structure
  • Cell Organelles
  • Cell Division
  • Mitosis
  • Meiosis
Tissues3
  • Plant Tissues
  • Animal Tissues
  • Tissue Functions
Human Physiology1
  • Human Physiology
Digestive System1
  • Digestive System
Respiratory System1
  • Respiratory System
Circulatory System1
  • Circulatory System
Excretory System1
  • Excretory System
Nervous System1
  • Nervous System
Endocrine System1
  • Endocrine System
Reproductive System1
  • Reproductive System
Muscular System1
  • Muscular System
Skeletal System1
  • Skeletal System
Immune System1
  • Immune System
Nutrition4
  • Nutrients
  • Balanced Diet
  • Malnutrition
  • Deficiency Diseases
Plant Physiology5
  • Photosynthesis
  • Respiration
  • Plant Growth
  • Plant Hormones
  • Mineral Nutrition
Medical Technology5
  • Diagnostic Technologies
  • Medical Imaging
  • Organ Transplantation
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomedical Devices
Bioenergy5
  • Biomass Energy
  • Biofuels
  • Bioethanol
  • Biodiesel
  • Biogas

Chapter 07 of 10

Human Health and Diseases

Diseases, immunity, public health, and medical technology linkages.

Diseases5
  • Communicable Diseases
  • Non-Communicable Diseases
  • Lifestyle Diseases
  • Genetic Diseases
  • Zoonotic Diseases
Immunology5
  • Immunity
  • Immune System
  • Antibodies
  • Vaccination
  • Autoimmune Disorders
Medicines & Therapeutics5
  • Drug Classification
  • Antimicrobials
  • Vaccines
  • Hormonal Therapy
  • Precision Medicine

Chapter 08 of 10

Space Technology

Space science, ISRO missions, satellites, and applications.

Space Basics5
  • Space Environment
  • Satellites
  • Orbits
  • Launch Vehicles
  • Escape Velocity
Space Missions4
  • Lunar Missions
  • Mars Missions
  • Planetary Missions
  • Deep Space Missions
Indian Space Programme4
  • Evolution of ISRO
  • Major Programmes
  • Satellite Missions
  • Human Spaceflight Programme
Space Technologies4
  • Remote Sensing
  • Satellite Communication
  • Earth Observation
  • Space Exploration Technologies
International Cooperation3
  • International Space Collaboration
  • Bilateral Agreements
  • Multilateral Agreements
Navigation Systems5
  • GPS
  • NavIC
  • GLONASS
  • Galileo
  • BeiDou
Space Geopolitics4
  • Militarization of Space
  • Space Security
  • Space Law
  • Geopolitics of Outer Space

Chapter 09 of 10

Nanotechnology

Nanoscience basics, applications, impacts, and India’s nano mission.

Nano Science3
  • Basics of Nanotechnology
  • Nanomaterials
  • Nano Scale Properties
Applications5
  • Medicine
  • Agriculture
  • Energy
  • Defence
  • Electronics
Impacts3
  • Economic Impact
  • Environmental Impact
  • Ethical Concerns
India & Nanotechnology3
  • National Nano Mission
  • Research Institutions
  • Emerging Applications

Chapter 10 of 10

Science Institutions and Policy

S&T institutions, policy, governance, HRD, and awards.

Institutions4
  • Scientific Research Institutions
  • Space Institutions
  • Biotechnology Institutions
  • Defence Research Institutions
Science Policy2
  • India's Science & Technology Policy
  • Research & Innovation Policy
S&T Governance3
  • Regulatory Framework
  • Technology Governance
  • Innovation Ecosystem
Human Resource Development in S&T3
  • Scientific Education
  • Research Fellowships
  • Skill Development
Awards in Science3
  • National Science Awards
  • International Science Awards
  • Scientific Recognitions

Pair Science & Tech with GS Paper 3.

Use this map with Mains GS III and Mains Current Affairs for applications under space, biotech, and AI topics.